GAP Project Publications

Allard, K. A., A. R. Breton, S. D. Kildaw and C. L. Buck. In review. Evidence for extended foraging trips by black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa trydactyla) under favorable conditions. Oecologia (Berlin).
Andrews, A. and R. J. Foy. 2009. Geographical variation in the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. . First International Symposium on the Management and Biology of Dogfish Sharks. June 13-15,2005.
Breton, A. R., S. D. Kildaw, K. M. Murra and C. L. Buck. 2008. Multllevel models reveal no cohort level variation in foraging effort to explain a regime shift in kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) breeding success. Ecological Modelling 212: 233-243.
Brewer, J. H., K. M. O'reilly and C. L. Buck. 2008. Effect of investigator disturbance on corticosterone concentrations of Black-legged Kittiwake chicks. Journal of Field Ornithology 79: 391-398.
Brewer, J. H., K. M. O'reilly and C. L. Buck. 2009. Effect of nestling status and brood size on concentration of corticosterone of free-living kittiwake chicks. General and Comparative Endocrinology 166: 19-24.
Brewer, J. H., K. M. O'reilly, S. D. Kildaw and C. L. Buck. 2008. Interannual variation in the adrenal responsiveness of black-legged kittiwake chicks (Rissa tridactyla). General and Comparative Endocrinology 156: 361-368.
Buck, C. L., K. A. O'reilly and S. D. Kildaw. 2007. Interannual variability of Black-legged Kittiwake productivity is reflected in baseline plasma corticosterone. General and Comparative Endocrinology 150: 430-436.
Fridinger, R. W., K. M. O'reilly, S. D. Kildaw and C. L. Buck. 2007. Removal of a nest-mate elicits an age-dependent increase in plasma corticosterone of nestling Black-legged Kittiwakes. Journal of Field Ornithology 78: 93-99.
Gamble, J. B., K. M. O'reilly and C. L. Buck. 2003. Effects of reproductive stage on adrenal responsiveness of glaucous-winged gulls. Integrative and Comparative Biology 43: 883-883.
Hanna, S. K., A. Haukenes, R. J. Foy and C. L. Buck. 2008. Temperature effects on swimming performance and metabolic rate of Pacific cod (Gadus macropcephalus). Journal of Fish Biology 72: 1068-1078.
Haukenes, A., S. Plante and C. L. Buck. 2008. Endocrine and morphological characterization of reproductive cycles in wild and captive black rockfish, Sebastes melanops. North American Journal of Aquaculture 20: 212-218.
Kildaw, S. D., D. B. Irons and C. L. Buck. 2008. Habitat quality and metapopulation dynamics of Black-legged kittiwakes. . Marine Ornithology 36: 35-45.
Knoth, B. and R. J. Foy. 2008. Temporal variability in the food habits of arrowtooth flounder Atheresthes stomias in the western Gulf of Alaska. NOAA Tech Memo NMFS AFSC-184.
McKenzie, J. and K. Wynne. 2008. Spatial and temporal variation in the diet of Steller sea lions in the Kodiak Archipelago, 1999-2005. Marine Ecology Progress Series 360: 265-283.
Moore, S. E., K. Wynne, J. C. Kinney and J. M. Grebmeier. 2007. Gray whale occurrence and forage southeast of Kodiak Island, Alaska. . Marine Mammal Science . 23: 419-428.
Wang, X. and R. J. Foy. In prep. Zooplankton species composition, abundance, and spatial structure on the Gulf of Alaska shelf near Kodiak Island.
Whidden, S. E., C. T. Williams, A. R. Breton and C. L. Buck. 2007. Effects of transmitters on the reproductive success of Tufted Puffins. Journal of Field Ornithology 78: 206-212.
Williams, C. T. and C. L. Buck. 2010. Spatial and temporal variation in tufted puffin Fratercula cirrhata nestling diet quality and growth rates. Marine Ornithology 38: 41-48.
Williams, C. T. and C. L. Buck. 2010. Using fatty acids as dietary tracers in seabird trophic ecology: theory, application and limitations. Journal of Ornithology 151: 531-543.
Williams, C. T., C. L. Buck, J. Sears and A. S. Kitaysky. 2007. Effects of nutritional restriction on nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes in growing seabirds. Oecologia 153: 11-18.
Williams, C. T., S. J. Iverson and C. L. Buck. 2008. Stable isotopes and fatty acid signatures reveal age- and stage-dependent foraging niches in tufted puffins. Marine Ecology Progress Series 363: 287-298.
Williams, C. T., S. J. Iverson and C. L. Buck. 2009. The effects of diet and caloric restriction on adipose tissue fatty acid signatures of tufted puffin (Fratercula cirrhata) nestlings. Journal of Comparative Physiology B-Biochemical Systemic and Environmental Physiology 179: 711-720.
Williams, C. T., S. D. Kildaw and C. L. Buck. 2007. Sex-specific differences in body condition indices and seasonal mass loss in Tufted Puffins. Journal of Field Ornithology 78: 369-378.
Williams, C. T., A. S. Kitaysky and C. L. Buck. 2005. Adrenocortical activity in tufted puffin nestlings varies with growth rates and fledging behavior. Integrative and Comparative Biology 45: 1097-1097.
Williams, C. T., A. S. Kitaysky and C. L. Buck. 2008. Food restricted Tufted Puffin (Fratercula cirrhata) nestlings increase vocal activity during handling without modulating total or free corticosterone. Journal of Ornithology 149: 277-283.
Williams, C. T., A. S. Kitaysky, A. B. Kettle and C. L. Buck. 2008. Corticosterone levels of tufted puffins vary with breeding stage, body condition index, and reproductive performance. General and Comparative Endocrinology 158: 29-35.
Winter, A., R. J. Foy and K. M. Wynne. 2009. Seasonal differences in prey availabilty around a Steller sea lion haulout and rookery in the Gulf of Alaska. Aquatic Mammals 35: 145-162.
Witteveen, B. H., R. J. Foy and K. M. Wynne. 2006. The effect of predation (current and historical) by humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on fish abundance near Kodiak Island, Alaska. Fishery Bulletin 104: 10-20.
Witteveen, B. H., R. J. Foy, K. M. Wynne and Y. Tremblay. 2008. Investigation of foraging habits and prey preference of humpback whales (Megapatera novaeangliae) near Kodiak Island, Alaska using acoustic tags. Marine Mammal Science 24: 516.
Witteveen, B. H., G. A. J. Worthy, K. Wynne and R. J. Foy. In review. Modeling the diet of humpback whales: an approach using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope tations in a Bayesian mixing model. Marine Mammal Science.
Witteveen, B. H., K. M. Wynne and T. J. Quinn III. 2007. A feeding aggregation of humpback whales near Kodiak Island, Alaska: current and historic abundance estimation. Alaska Fisheries Research Bulletin 12: 187-196.
Wynne, K. In prep. Seasonal patterns of terrestrial habitat use by Steller sea lions in the Kodiak Archipelago, 2000-2007.
Reports
Wynne, K.M., R.J. Foy, and C.L. Buck. Gulf Apex Predator-prey Study (GAP). Final Report FY2001-2003. NOAA Grant NA16FX1270. University of Alaska Fairbanks. School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences. Kodiak, Alaska.

Theses & Dissertations
Andrews, A.G. 2010. Variation in the trophic position of spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) in the northeastern Pacific Ocean: An approach using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes. MS Thesis. University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks.
Baraff, L.B. 2006. Summer Distribution and Habitat Characteristics of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera  physalus) and Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeanglieae) Off Northeast Kodiak Island, Alaska. MS Thesis, University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Brewer, J.H. 2007. Adrenal responsiveness of Black-legged Kittiwake chicks: proximate affects of brood size, status and adult provisioning rate. M.S. Thesis. University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Guo, L. 2010. Forage fish in embayments of Kodiak Archipelago: Biomass, lipid content and lipid utilization. PhD Thesis. University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Hanna, S.K. 2006. Interrelationships among temperature, metabolism, swimming performance and recovery in Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus): implications of a changing climate. MS Thesis, University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Knoth, B. 2006. Investigating the role of arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias) as a top level consumer in the Gulf of Alaska. M.S. Thesis. University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Wang, X. 2007. Zooplankton abundance, community structrure, and oceanography northeast of Kodiak Island, Alaska. M.S. Thesis. University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Williams, C.T. 2008. Foraging ecology and nutritional stress of Tufted Puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) inferred from stable isotopes, fatty acids, and field endocrinology. PhD Dissertation. University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Witteveen, B.H. 2003. Abundance and feeding ecology of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Kodiak, Alaska. M.S. Thesis. University of Alaska Fairbanks.

Posters & Presentations
Baraff L., K. M. Wynne, R. J. Foy, and S. Hills. 2007. Distribution and habitat characteristics of fin and humpback whales off northeast Kodiak Island during summer, 2002 and 2003. Alaska Marine Science Symposium. Anchorage, Alaska. January 21 -24, 2007.
Breton, AR, Kildaw, SD, Murra, KM, and CL Buck. 2007. Multilevel models reveal no cohort-level variation in time spent foraging to explain a regime shift in kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) breeding success. Pacific Seabirds. Vol. 33.
Breton, AR, Kildaw, SD, Murra, KM and CL Buck. 2006. Variation among years and colonies in the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). The Seabird Group. 9th International Conference, Seabirds Under Pressure.
Brewer, JB, O’Reilly, KM and CL Buck. 2007. Effect of brood size and nestling status on adrenal responsiveness and behavior of Black-legged Kittiwake chicks. Pacific Seabirds. Vol. 33.
Brewer, JB, O’Reilly, KM and CL Buck. 2007. Effect of brood size and nestling status on adrenal responsiveness and behavior of Black-legged Kittiwake chicks. Pacific Seabirds. Vol. 33.
Foy, R. J. 2006. An ecosystem approach to Steller sea lion trophic ecology: the prey. North Pacific Fishery Management Council’s Steller Sea Lion Mitigation Committee, 28 August 2006.
Foy, RJ, Haukenes, AH, Buck, CL and SK Hanna. 2006. Energetic requirements of walleye pollock and Pacific cod in response to temperature and prey variability: implications of climate change. 24th Wakefield Symposium. Resiliency of gadid stocks to fishing and climate change. Anchorage, AK.
Foy, R. J. 2005. Summary of abundance and bycatch of spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, in the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea. First International Symposium on the Management and Biology of Dogfish Sharks. June 13-15, 2005. Seattle Washington. American Fisheries Society Special Publication.
Guo, L. and R. J. Foy. 2006. Lipid and protein characteristics of juvenile walleye pollock related to prey availability: implications of climate change on fish condition. Resiliency of Gadid Stocks to Fishing and Climate Change. 24th Lowell Wakefield Fisheries Symposium. Anchorage, Alaska. October 31 – November 3, 2006.
Hanna, SK, Haukenes, AH, Foy, RJ and CL Buck. 2008. Temperature effects on Pacific cod following exhaustive exercise. Proceedings  24th Wakefield Symposium. Resiliency of gadid stocks to fishing and climate change. 239-250.
Hanna, SK, Haukenes, AH, Foy, RJ and CL Buck. 2006. Interrelationships among temperature, metabolism and swimming performance in Pacific Cod. 7th International congress on the Biology of Fish. St. Johns, Newfoundland.
Haukenes, AH, S Plante, and CL Buck. 2007. Evaluations of hatchery methods for maintaining black rockfish (Sebastes melanops) broodstock. Triennial Meeting of the World Aquaculture Society: Physiological Insights Towards Improving Fish Aquaculture.
Kildaw, SD and CL Buck. 2007. Using conductivity loggers and radio-telemetry to record the at-sea behaviors and locations of surface-feeding seabirds. Pacific Seabirds. Vol. 33.
Knoth, B. and R. J. Foy. 2007. Arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias) diet and prey consumption near Kodiak Island, Alaska. Alaska Marine Science Symposium. Anchorage, Alaska. January 21 -24, 2007.
Marsh, J. and R.J. Foy. 2007. Temporal and ontogenetic trophic level variability of walleye Pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in the Gulf of Alaska. American Fisheries Society Alaska Chapter. November 15, 2007
McKenzie, J and K.Wynne. 2007. Regional and seasonal variation in the diet of Steller sea lions in the Kodiak Archipelago, 1999-2005. Alaska Marine Science Symposium, Anchorage , AK 21-24 January 2007.
O’Reilly, K.M. and Buck, C.L. 2007. Corticosterone, Reproduction, and Environmental Conditions: Case Studies of Seabirds and Shorebirds. Pacific Seabird Group International Meeting.
Whidden, SE, Williams, CT and CL Buck. 2006. Effects of radio transmitters on Tufted Puffin (Fratercula cirrhata) reproductive success. The Seabird Group. 9th International Conference: Seabird populations under pressure.
Williams, CT, Sears, JS, Kitaysky, AS, and CL Buck. 2006. Effects of nutritional restriction on stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in tufted puffin nestlings: Implications for assessment of diet and body condition.  AAAS. State of the Arctic: Current State of the Arctic – Observations of Arctic Change. Fairbanks, AK.
Williams, CT, Buck, CL, Sears, J, and AS Kitaysky. 2007. Effects of nutritional restriction on nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes in growing seabirds. Pacific Seabirds. Vol. 33.
Winter, A., R. J. Foy, and M. Trussel. 2007. Testing the feasibility of walleye pollock live-capture for tagging studies. Alaska Marine Science Symposium. Anchorage, Alaska. January 21 -24, 2007.
Witteveen, BH, G.A.J. Worthy, and K. M. Wynne. 2007. Using Stable Isotope Analysis to Assess Population Structure and Feeding Ecology of North Pacific Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) Alaska Marine Science Symposium, Anchorage , AK 21-24 January 2007.
Witteveen B. H., R. J. Foy, K. M. Wynne, and Y. Tremblay. 2007. Investigation of foraging habits and prey selectivity by humpback whales using acoustic tags and concurrent fish surveys. Alaska Marine Science Symposium. Anchorage, Alaska. January 21 -24, 2007.
Witteveen, B.H. 2009. Using stable isotopes to assess the population structure and feeding ecology of North Pacific humpback whales. Oral presentation at the SPLASH Symposium in conjunction with the 18th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals Quebec City, Canada. October 11, 2009.
Witteveen, B.H., Worthy, Graham A.J., Wynne, K.M, Hirons, A.C., Andrews, A.G., and Markel, R.W. 2009. Exploration of trophic levels of North Pacific humpback whales through analysis of stable isotopes: implications on prey selection and resource quality. Poster presentation at the 18th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals Quebec City, Canada. October 12-16, 2009.
Witteveen, B.H. and K.M. Wynne. 2008. Gray whale feeding off Kodiak, Alaska. Oral presentation at the Gray Whales and Climate Change Symposium, Monterey, CA, November 2008.
Witteveen, B.H. and K.M. Wynne. 2008. Consumption and prey removals by humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) near Kodiak Island, Alaska: A revision of previous estimates. Poster presentation at The Role of Marine Mammals in the Ecosystem in the 21st Century Symposium, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada October 2008.
Wynne, K.M., Witteveen, B.H., and Foster, M.B. 2009. Seasonal prey use and partitioning of sympatric whale species in a Kodiak, Alaska embayment. Poster presentation at the 18th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals Quebec City, Canada. October 12-16, 2009.
Wynne, KM, RJ Foy, and C. Foy. 2006. GAP and related GOA studies: an ecosystem-based approach to addressing Steller sea lion declines. North Pacific Fishery Management Council’s Steller Sea Lion Mitigation Committee, 28August 2006, Seattle, WA
Wynne, K., Rice, A., Wallesz,C., and Witteveen, B. 2010. M.A.D. Whales: why not seek collaborative solutions prior to a crisis? Poster presentation at the Alaska Marine Science Symposium, Anchorage, Alaska, January 18-22, 2010.

Baraff, L.S., R.J. Foy, and K.M. Wynne. 2003. Summer distribution and habitat characteristics of balaenopterid whales off northeast Kodiak Island, Alaska. 15th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals. Poster presentation.

Baraff, L.S., R.J. Foy and K.M Wynne. 2003. Summer distribution and habitat characteristics of balaenopterid whales in Steller sea lion critical habitat, northeast Kodiak Island: project overview and preliminary results. Marine Science in the Northeast Pacific: Science for Resource Dependent Communities, Anchorage, AK. (ppt. file)

Buck, C.L., S.D. Kildaw, and K.M. O'Reilly. 2003. Brood size affects adrenal responsiveness of free-living black-legged kittiwake chicks. 2003 Annual Pacific Seabird Group meetings.

Buck, C.L., S.D. Kildaw, K.A. Murra, J.B. Gamble, and B. Fadely. 2003. Seabird component of the GAP Project: Indicators of marine conditions and potential competitors of Steller sea lions. 2003 Steller sea lion/GLOBEC/GEM/ NPRB Symposium. Anchorage, AK

Buck, C.L.and K.M. 2004. O'Reilly, Brood size and productivity affects adrenal responsiveness of free-living kittiwakes. 2004 Society of Integrative and Comparative Biologists.

Foy, R.J., K. M. Wynne, and C.L. Buck. 2003. Gulf Apex Predator-prey project (GAP). 2003 Steller sea lion/GLOBEC/GEM/NPRB Symposium. Anchorage, AK.

Gamble, J.B., Murphy, E.C., O'Reilly, K.M., and C.L. Buck. 2004. Seasonal Dynamics of the Stress Response of Glaucous-winged Gulls. 2004 Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Annual Meeting

Gamble, J.B., C.L. Buck, S.D.Kildaw, and E.C. Murphy. 2003. Reproductive ecology of glaucous-winged gulls on Kodiak Island, Alaska. 2003 Annual Pacific Seabird Group meetings.

Gamble, J. B., C. L.Buck, S. D. Kildaw, and E. C. Murphy. 2003. Reproductive success of glaucous-winged gulls on Kodiak Island, Alaska. 2003 Steller sea lion/GLOBEC/GEM/NPRB Symposium. Anchorage, AK.

Gamble, J.B., K.M. O'Reilly, and C.L. Buck. 2004. Effects of reproductive stage on adrenal responsiveness of glaucous-winged gulls. 2004 Pacific Seabird Group Meetings.

Gamble, J.B., K.M. O'Reilly, and C.L. Buck. 2004. Effects of reproductive stage on adrenal responsiveness of glaucous-winged gulls. 2004 Society of Integrative and Comparative Biologists.

Kildaw, D., D.Irons, and L.Buck.2004. Population dynamics of black-legged kittiwake colonies in Chiniak Bay, Kodiak, Alaska. 2004 Pacific Seabird Group Meetings.

Kildaw, D., K.A. Murra, J. B. Gamble , C.L. Buck ,and D.Irons. 2003. Black-legged kittiwakes as bio-indicators: avoiding confounding effects of predation. 2003 Annual Pacific Seabird Group meetings.

Kildaw, D., K.A. Murra , C.L. Buck, and D. Irons. 2002. Reproductive variability among and within kittiwake colonies on Kodiak Island, AK. 2002 Annual Pacific Seabird Group.

Murra, K.A., C.L. Buck , S.D.Kildaw , J.B.Gamble , and C.T. Williams. 2003. Diet, productivity and forage location of black-legged kittiwakes in 2001 and 2002 in Chiniak Bay, Kodiak Alaska. 2003 Annual Pacific Seabird Group meetings.

Murra, K.A., C.L. Buck , S.D. Kildaw , J.B. Gamble , and C.T. Williams. 2003. Forage location, diet, and productivity of black-legged kittiwakes in 2001 and 2002 in Chiniak Bay, Kodiak Alaska. 2003 Steller sea lion/GLOBEC/GEM/NPRB Symposium. Anchorage, AK.

Murra, K.A., C.L. Buck, S.D. Kildaw, D. Zweifeloffor, and D. Irons. 2002. Kittiwakes on Kodiak Island respond to regime Shifts in the Gulf of Alaska. 9 th Annual Alaska Bird Conference.

Murra, K.A., C.L. Buck, S.D. Kildaw, D. Zweifeloffor, and D. Irons. 2002. Kittiwakes on Kodiak Island respond to regime Shifts in the Gulf of Alaska. 2002 Annual Pacific Seabird Group.

Witteveen, B.H. 2003. Abundance and Feeding Ecology of Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Kodiak, Alaska. Master’s thesis. University of Alaska Fairbanks. 119 pp. (PDF file)

Witteveen, B.H. 2003. Abundance and feeding ecology of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) within Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) critical habitat in Kodiak, Alaska.Marine Science in the Northeast Pacific: Science for Resource Dependent Communities, Anchorage, AK. (ppt. file).

Witteveen, B.H., R.J. Foy, and K.M. Wynne. 2003. Foraging ecology of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) near Kodiak, Alaska. 15th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals. Poster presentation.

Witteveen, B.H., K.M. Wynne, and T.J. Quinn II. 2003. An apparent feeding aggregation of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) near Kodiak, Alaska: historical and current abundance estimation. 15th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals. Poster presentation.

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